EOI B1 Trainer

📖 Verbos irregulares

Los verbos irregulares son imprescindibles en el B1. Aparecen en todas las destrezas: writing, speaking, listening y reading. Domínalos primero.

💡 Truco mnemotécnico

Agrúpalos por patrón fonético, no por orden alfabético. Tu cerebro recuerda mejor por sonido. Ejemplo: sing-sang-sung, ring-rang-rung, drink-drank-drunk, swim-swam-swum → todos siguen el patrón i-a-u.

Patrones más comunes

🟢 Iguales en las 3 formas

Truco: «Set, cut, put, hit, let… ¡no cambian, no cambian, no cambian!»

Infinitive	Past	Participle	Ejemplos (inf. → past → p.p.)
cut cortar	cut	cut	I cut the bread. She cut it yesterday. I've cut my hair.
put poner	put	put	Put it here! He put it down. She's put it away.
hit golpear	hit	hit	Don't hit me! He hit his head. She's never hit anyone.
let permitir	let	let	Let me try! She let him in. He's let me down.
set establecer	set	set	Set a goal today. She set the alarm. I've set the table.
cost costar	cost	cost	It costs €20. The trip cost a lot. It has cost me dearly.
read leer (pron. /rɛd/)	read	read	I read every day. She read it fast. I've already read it.
shut cerrar	shut	shut	Shut the window! He shut his eyes. She's shut the door.
hurt doler / herir	hurt	hurt	Does it hurt? I hurt my back. She's hurt herself.
spread extender	spread	spread	Spread the news! The fire spread fast. It has spread widely.
bet apostar	bet	bet	I bet you can! She bet €10. I've never bet before.
bid pujar / ofrecer	bid	bid	They bid €500. He bid too low. She has bid twice.
burst explotar / reventar	burst	burst	Don't burst it! The pipe burst. It has burst open.
cast lanzar / emitir	cast	cast	Cast a wide net. She cast a glance. He has cast his vote.
fit encajar / quedar	fit	fit	It fits perfectly. The dress fit well. It has always fit well.
forecast pronosticar	forecast	forecast	Experts forecast rain. They forecast a storm. It's been forecast.
knit tejer	knit	knit	I knit scarves. She knit a jumper. I've knit it already.
quit dejar / renunciar	quit	quit	Don't quit now! He quit his job. She has quit smoking.
rid librar(se) de	rid	rid	Get rid of it! We rid the flat of mice. I've rid myself of it.
shed perder / derramar	shed	shed	Trees shed leaves. She shed a tear. He has shed weight.
split dividir / partir	split	split	Split the bill! They split up. It has split in two.
thrust empujar con fuerza	thrust	thrust	Thrust it forward. She thrust the key in. He has thrust it open.

🟡 Patrón i → a → u (y variantes i → u)

Truco: «I drank, I sang, I swam» (pasado con A) · variantes: spin→spun, dig→dug (vocal i→u)

Infinitive	Past	Participle	Ejemplos (inf. → past → p.p.)
begin empezar	began	begun	Let's begin! The show began at 8. It has already begun.
drink beber	drank	drunk	Don't drink that! He drank some water. She has never drunk coffee.
ring sonar / llamar	rang	rung	Ring the bell! She rang me twice. He has rung before.
sing cantar	sang	sung	I love to sing! She sang a song. He has never sung in public.
swim nadar	swam	swum	Let's go for a swim! She swam 50 metres. I've never swum in the sea.
run correr	ran	run	Run faster! She ran away. He has run 10 km today.
sink hundir(se)	sank	sunk	The ship sinks slowly. The ship sank fast. It has sunk to the bottom.
shrink encoger	shrank	shrunk	Wool shrinks in hot water. My jumper shrank. It has shrunk a lot.
spring saltar / brotar	sprang	sprung	Spring into action! She sprang up. He has sprung a trap.
cling aferrarse	clung	clung	Cling to hope. She clung to him. They have clung together.
dig cavar	dug	dug	Dig a little deeper! She dug a hole. We've dug here before.
fling lanzar con fuerza	flung	flung	Fling the door open! She flung it away. He has flung it out.
sling colgar / lanzar	slung	slung	Sling it over your shoulder. She slung her coat. He has slung it in a bag.
spin girar / hilar	spun	spun	Spin the wheel! The top spun fast. She has spun many stories.
sting picar (insecto)	stung	stung	Bees sting! A bee stung me. It has stung me before.
stick pegar / atascar	stuck	stuck	Stick it here. It stuck to the wall. It has stuck again!
string ensartar / tensar	strung	strung	String the lights! She strung them up. I've strung them already.
swing balancear(se)	swung	swung	Swing higher! She swung her arms. He has always swung it.

🟠 Patrón -ought / -aught + Past = Participle

Truco: «Buy → bought, think → thought, teach → taught» (/ɔːt/) · 2ª parte: Past y Participle son iguales pero distintos al infinitivo

Infinitive	Past	Participle	Ejemplos (inf. → past → p.p.)
— Terminación -ought / -aught (/ɔːt/) —
buy comprar	bought	bought	Buy it now! She bought it online. I've bought a new one.
bring traer	brought	brought	Bring a coat! She brought some food. He has brought it with him.
think pensar	thought	thought	Think before you speak! He thought hard. I've thought about it.
fight luchar	fought	fought	Fight for your rights! They fought hard. We've fought for it.
catch atrapar	caught	caught	Catch the ball! She caught the bus. I've caught a cold.
teach enseñar	taught	taught	Teach me something! She taught French. She has taught here for years.
seek buscar	sought	sought	Seek professional help. He sought advice. She has sought help.
rethink reconsiderar	rethought	rethought	Rethink your plan. We rethought it. I've rethought my decision.
overthink darle vueltas	overthought	overthought	Don't overthink it! She overthought it. I've overthought this before.
— Past = Participle (vocal cambia) —
build construir	built	built	Build a house. She built it fast. We've built it together.
deal tratar / repartir	dealt	dealt	Deal with it! She dealt with it well. He has dealt with worse.
dream soñar	dreamt	dreamt	Dream big! She dreamt of flying. I've often dreamt of it.
feel sentir	felt	felt	Feel the music! She felt ill. I've felt this way before.
hear oír	heard	heard	I can hear you! She heard a noise. I've heard that before.
keep guardar / mantener	kept	kept	Keep going! She kept quiet. I've kept my promise.
lay poner / tumbar	laid	laid	Lay the table please. She laid an egg. He has laid it on the table.
lead liderar / llevar	led	led	Lead the way! She led the team. She has led the project well.
lend prestar	lent	lent	Lend me €5! He lent her the money. She has lent it to me.
lose perder	lost	lost	Don't lose it! She lost her keys. I've lost my pen again.
mean significar	meant	meant	What does it mean? She meant no harm. I've always meant it.
meet conocer / reunirse	met	met	Nice to meet you! She met him at work. I've met her before.
pay pagar	paid	paid	Pay now! She paid the bill. I've already paid it.
sell vender	sold	sold	Sell it online! She sold her car. I've sold mine already.
sleep dormir	slept	slept	Sleep well! She slept 8 hours. I've slept here before.
spend gastar / pasar tiempo	spent	spent	Spend wisely! She spent €100. I've spent too much.

🔴 Cambio de vocal y -en

Truco: el participio termina en -en (write-wrote-written, break-broke-broken)

Infinitive	Past	Participle	Ejemplos (inf. → past → p.p.)
bite morder	bit	bitten	Don't bite! The dog bit me. I've been bitten.
blow soplar / volar	blew	blown	Blow the candle! The wind blew hard. It has blown away.
break romper	broke	broken	Don't break it! She broke the rule. He has broken a record.
choose elegir	chose	chosen	Choose carefully! She chose the red one. I've chosen already.
draw dibujar / sacar	drew	drawn	Draw a circle. She drew a map. I've drawn it for you.
drive conducir	drove	driven	Drive safely! She drove home. He has driven here before.
eat comer	ate	eaten	Eat your food! She ate breakfast. I've already eaten.
fall caer	fell	fallen	Don't fall! She fell off the chair. He has fallen asleep.
fly volar	flew	flown	Fly high! She flew to Paris. I've never flown first class.
forbid prohibir	forbade	forbidden	I forbid it! She forbade smoking. It has been forbidden.
forget olvidar	forgot	forgotten	Don't forget! She forgot her bag. I've forgotten his name.
freeze congelar(se)	froze	frozen	Freeze! The river froze over. It has frozen solid.
give dar	gave	given	Give me a hand! She gave good advice. He has given up.
grow crecer	grew	grown	Grow your own food! She grew up in Madrid. It has grown a lot.
hide esconder(se)	hid	hidden	Hide here! She hid under the table. He has hidden the key.
ride montar	rode	ridden	Ride a bike! She rode to school. I've ridden a horse before.
rise levantarse / subir	rose	risen	Prices rise every year. The sun rose at 7. Costs have risen sharply.
see ver	saw	seen	See you later! She saw a great film. I've seen it twice.
shake sacudir	shook	shaken	Shake hands! She shook the bottle. I've shaken it already.
show mostrar	showed	shown	Show me! She showed me around. He has shown real progress.
speak hablar	spoke	spoken	Speak louder! She spoke in Spanish. I've spoken to her.
steal robar	stole	stolen	Don't steal! He stole a car. It has been stolen.
swear jurar / maldecir	swore	sworn	Don't swear! She swore it was true. I've sworn to tell the truth.
take tomar / coger	took	taken	Take a seat! She took notes. I've taken it already.
tear rasgar / romper	tore	torn	Tear it up! She tore the paper. He has torn his trousers.
throw lanzar / tirar	threw	thrown	Throw the ball! She threw it far. He has thrown it away.
wake despertar(se)	woke	woken	Wake up! She woke at 6 am. I've just woken up.
wear llevar puesto	wore	worn	Wear a jacket! She wore a red dress. I've worn it before.
write escribir	wrote	written	Write your name here. She wrote a letter. I've written it down.

⚫ Imprescindibles sueltos

Los más usados en el examen B1 — apréndelos sí o sí

Infinitive	Past	Participle	Ejemplos (inf. → past → p.p.)
be ser / estar	was / were	been	Be careful! She was very happy. I've been there before.
have tener / haber	had	had	Have fun! She had lunch at 2. I've had enough.
do hacer	did	done	Do your best! She did it fast. I've done it already.
go ir	went	gone / been	Go home! She went shopping. I've gone too far.
come venir	came	come	Come in! She came home early. He has come back.
say decir	said	said	Say it clearly! She said goodbye. I've said it before.
get conseguir / ponerse	got	got / gotten	Get some rest! She got the job. I've got it!
make hacer / fabricar	made	made	Make an effort! She made a cake. I've made a mistake.
know saber / conocer	knew	known	Know your limits. She knew the answer. I've known her for years.
find encontrar	found	found	Find a solution! She found her keys. I've found it!
leave dejar / salir	left	left	Leave a message. She left at 8 am. I've left already.
tell contar / decir	told	told	Tell the truth. She told me a secret. I've told him twice.
become convertirse en	became	become	Become a doctor! She became famous. He has become very successful.
understand entender	understood	understood	Understand the rules. She understood it. I've understood it now.
send enviar	sent	sent	Send a message! She sent an email. I've sent it already.
hold sostener / aguantar	held	held	Hold on! She held my hand. I've held this job for 2 years.
lose perder	lost	lost	Don't lose it! She lost her phone. I've lost my keys.
meet conocer / reunirse	met	met	Meet me there! She met her hero. I've met him before.
pay pagar	paid	paid	Pay attention! She paid in cash. I've already paid.
sell vender	sold	sold	Sell it fast! She sold her bike. I've sold mine.
sit sentarse	sat	sat	Sit down, please. She sat next to me. I've sat here before.
sleep dormir	slept	slept	Sleep well! She slept for 8 hours. I've slept here before.
spend gastar / pasar tiempo	spent	spent	Spend less! She spent a week there. I've spent it all.
stand estar de pie / aguantar	stood	stood	Stand up! She stood by the door. I've stood here for hours.
win ganar	won	won	Win the prize! She won the race. I've never won anything.
catch atrapar / coger	caught	caught	Catch the train! She caught a cold. I've caught it.
hear oír	heard	heard	Hear me out! She heard the news. I've heard that before.
keep guardar / mantener	kept	kept	Keep trying! She kept a diary. I've kept every letter.
mean significar	meant	meant	Mean what you say! She meant to help. I've always meant it.
put poner / colocar	put	put	Put it there. She put it down. I've put it away.
read leer (/rɛd/ en pasado)	read	read	Read every day! She read the news. I've already read it.
run correr / gestionar	ran	run	Run a race! She ran a business. He has run far today.

⚠️ Diferencia gone vs been

He has gone to Paris = se ha ido (sigue allí, no ha vuelto).
He has been to Paris = ha estado (ya volvió). Truco: «gone se quedó, been ya volvió».

⏰ Tiempos verbales clave para B1

El examen B1 evalúa tu capacidad para combinar tiempos verbales con coherencia. No basta con saberlos: hay que elegir el correcto en cada contexto.

Present Simple

Rutinas, hechos, verdades generales

I work in Zaragoza. The sun rises in the east.
She doesn't eat meat. Does he speak French?
Water boils at 100°C. They start school at nine.

Marcadores: always, usually, often, every day, on Mondays

Present Continuous

Acción ahora o temporal · planes futuros

I am studying English. We are meeting tomorrow.
She is working from home this week. They are building a new school.
He isn't feeling well today. What are you doing tonight?

Marcadores: now, at the moment, today, this week

Past Simple

Acción terminada en momento concreto del pasado

I visited London last year. She called me yesterday.
We didn't go to the party. Did you see the match?
He woke up late and missed the bus.

Marcadores: yesterday, last week, in 2020, ago, when

Past Continuous

Acción en proceso en el pasado · acción interrumpida

I was cooking when she called. It was raining all morning.
While he was reading, the phone rang.
They were having dinner at 8 pm. What were you doing at noon?

Marcadores: while, as, when, at 5 pm yesterday

Present Perfect

Pasado conectado con el presente · experiencias

I have lived here for 5 years. I have never been to Japan.
She has just finished her homework. Have you seen this film yet?
They haven't decided yet. He has already eaten.

Marcadores: ever, never, just, already, yet, since, for

Present Perfect Continuous

Acción que empezó en pasado y continúa · duración

I have been studying for 3 hours. She has been working here since 2019.
How long have you been waiting? It has been raining all day.
They have been arguing — that's why she looks upset.

Marcadores: for, since, all day, lately, recently

Future Simple (will)

Decisiones espontáneas · predicciones · promesas

I 'll help you. It will rain tomorrow. I won't tell anyone.
— The phone is ringing. — I 'll answer it!
She will probably get the job. I think it will be a great trip.

Marcadores: probably, I think, maybe, tomorrow

Be going to

Planes/intenciones · predicciones con evidencia

I am going to travel to Italy. Look! It 's going to rain.
We are going to move to a bigger flat next month.
Careful — that ladder is going to fall!

Marcadores: tonight, next week, this summer

💡 Truco para distinguir Past Simple vs Present Perfect

Past Simple = momento concreto y terminado (el «cuándo» importa).
Present Perfect = sin momento concreto o conexión con el presente.
I saw that film last night ✅ (cuándo: last night).
I have seen that film ✅ (no importa cuándo, importa la experiencia).

🔀 Condicionales

Los condicionales son tema estrella en B1. Aparecen tanto en gramática como en writing y speaking. Hay 4 tipos básicos.

💡 Regla mnemotécnica universal

El «if» nunca lleva «will» ni «would». Truco: «If + will = ¡falta carnet!». Excepción: peticiones educadas (If you will follow me…).

Zero Conditional · Verdades generales

If + present simple, present simple

If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.
If you don't water plants, they die.
If it rains, the streets get wet.
Si calientas agua a 100°C, hierve.

Para hechos científicos, leyes naturales, instrucciones.

First Conditional · Posibilidad real futura

If + present simple, will + infinitive

If it rains tomorrow, I will stay home.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
If she calls, I will tell her the news.
Si llueve mañana, me quedaré en casa.

Para situaciones que pueden ocurrir realmente en el futuro.

Variantes: can, may, might, should en lugar de will → If you study, you might pass. If you're tired, you should rest.

Second Conditional · Hipótesis irreal o improbable

If + past simple, would + infinitive

If I had a million euros, I would buy a house in Jaca.
If she spoke Spanish, she would get the job.
If I were taller, I would play basketball.
Si tuviera un millón, compraría una casa en Jaca.

Para situaciones imaginarias en el presente o futuro.

Importante: con el verbo be, usa siempre were (incluso con I, he, she): If I were you, I would talk to her. If he were here, he would know what to do.

Third Conditional · Pasado imposible (B1+)

If + past perfect, would have + past participle

If I had studied more, I would have passed the exam.
If she had left earlier, she wouldn't have missed the train.
If we had known the truth, we would have acted differently.
Si hubiera estudiado más, habría aprobado el examen.

Para hablar de un pasado que no ocurrió (lamentos, hipótesis pasadas).

⚠️ Errores típicos en el examen

❌ If I will have time… → ✅ If I have time…
❌ If I would be rich… → ✅ If I were rich…
❌ If I would have known… → ✅ If I had known…

Alternativas a «if»

Unless = if not → I won't go unless you come with me. She won't pass unless she studies.
As long as / Provided that = siempre que → You can borrow it as long as you return it. I'll help, provided that you're honest.
In case = por si acaso → Take an umbrella in case it rains. Write it down in case you forget.
Even if = incluso si → I'll go even if it rains. Even if you apologise, she won't forgive you.
Suppose / Imagine = supón que → Suppose you won the lottery — what would you do? Imagine you could fly anywhere.

📍 Preposiciones

Las preposiciones son uno de los puntos donde más errores se cometen. No traduzcas del español: cada verbo o expresión tiene su preposición fija.

Preposiciones de tiempo

IN

Meses, años, estaciones, partes del día, siglos

in January, in 2026, in summer
in the morning / afternoon / evening
in the 21st century, in the 1980s
I was born in 1995. See you in the morning.

ON

Días, fechas, días + parte del día

on Monday, on March 5th
on my birthday, on Christmas Day
on Friday morning, on a rainy day
The meeting is on Thursday. I'll call you on your birthday.

AT

Horas, festividades, momentos puntuales

at 7 o'clock, at noon, at midnight
at Christmas, at Easter (¡no at Christmas Day!)
at the weekend (UK), at night, at the moment
The class starts at 9. What do you do at the weekend?

💡 Truco mnemotécnico tiempo

AT → punto exacto (hora). ON → línea/superficie (día). IN → contenedor (mes, año, estación). Imagínalo así: «el lunes está dentro de enero, y a las 8 dentro del lunes».

Preposiciones de lugar

IN

in Spain, in Zaragoza, in a room
in a car, in a taxi (espacio cerrado)
in bed, in hospital, in prison
She lives in Madrid. He's still in bed.

ON

on the table, on the wall, on the floor
on a bus, on a train, on a plane (transporte público)
on the right / left, on the second floor
The keys are on the table. She's on the bus.

AT

at the bus stop, at the door, at the corner
at home, at work, at school
at the party, at the concert, at the top
I'll meet you at the entrance. She's at work.

Verbos con preposición fija (memoriza estos)

Verbo + prep.	Significado	Ejemplo
depend on	depender de	It depends on the weather. Success depends on effort.
listen to	escuchar	I listen to music every day. Listen to me carefully.
look at	mirar	Look at this photo! She looked at me and smiled.
look for	buscar	I'm looking for my keys. Are you looking for a job?
look after	cuidar	She looks after her grandmother. Can you look after the dog?
think about	pensar en (consideración)	I'm thinking about you. Think about it before you decide.
think of	pensar en (opinión/idea)	What do you think of my idea? I can't think of the answer.
wait for	esperar a	I'm waiting for the bus. We waited for an hour.
worry about	preocuparse por	Don't worry about it. She worries about her health.
agree with	estar de acuerdo con	I agree with you. I don't agree with that decision.
arrive in/at	llegar a (in: ciudad/país, at: lugar específico)	I arrived in Madrid. We arrived at the airport at noon.
belong to	pertenecer a	This book belongs to me. Which team do you belong to?
complain about	quejarse de	He complained about the noise. She complained about the service.
laugh at	reírse de	Don't laugh at me. They laughed at his joke.
apologise for	disculparse por	I apologise for being late. He apologised for the mistake.
ask for	pedir	She asked for help. I asked for the bill.
talk to/with	hablar con	I need to talk to you. He talked with his boss.
talk about	hablar de	Let's talk about the plan. They talked about their trip.
spend (time) on	dedicar tiempo a	I spend a lot of time on social media.
concentrate on	concentrarse en	Concentrate on what matters. I can't concentrate on my work.

Adjetivos con preposición

Adjetivo + prep.	Ejemplo
good / bad at	I'm good at maths. He's bad at spelling.
interested in	She's interested in history. Are you interested in the job?
afraid of	I'm afraid of spiders. She's afraid of the dark.
different from	This is different from that. Her accent is different from mine.
famous for	Italy is famous for its food. She's famous for her kindness.
married to	She's married to a doctor. They've been married to each other for 20 years.
worried about	I'm worried about the exam. He's worried about his job.
proud of	I'm proud of my work. She's very proud of her daughter.
tired of	I'm tired of waiting. He's tired of the same routine.
keen on	She's keen on photography. Are you keen on sport?
responsible for	Who is responsible for this? She's responsible for the project.
similar to	Your idea is similar to mine. This film is similar to that one.
surprised at/by	I was surprised at the result. She was surprised by the news.
bored with/of	I'm bored with this game. He's bored of doing the same thing.
excited about	She's excited about the trip. We're excited about the concert.

🎭 Verbos modales

Los modales nunca llevan «to» después y son iguales para todas las personas (no añaden -s en he/she/it).

Modal	Significado	Ejemplo
can	habilidad / permiso	I can swim. Can I leave? She can speak three languages.
could	habilidad pasada / petición educada	She could read at 4. Could you help me? I couldn't find it.
be able to	ser capaz de (otros tiempos)	I will be able to drive next year. She was able to finish on time.
must	obligación fuerte / deducción lógica	You must wear a helmet. He must be tired. This must be the right address.
have to	obligación externa	I have to work tomorrow. Do you have to wear a uniform? She had to leave early.
mustn't	prohibición	You mustn't smoke here. You mustn't use your phone in class.
don't have to	NO obligación (no hace falta)	You don't have to come if you're tired. He doesn't have to pay — it's free.
should / ought to	consejo	You should rest more. You ought to call her. He shouldn't eat so much sugar.
may / might	posibilidad	It may/might rain. She might be at home. You may leave now (permiso formal).
would	condicional / petición educada	I would like a coffee. Would you mind closing the door? I wouldn't do that.
shall	sugerencia / oferta (1ª persona)	Shall I open the window? Shall we go? What shall we do tonight?
need to	necesidad	I need to study more. Do you need to leave now? You needn't worry.

⚠️ ¡Cuidado! mustn't ≠ don't have to

You mustn't park here = está prohibido aparcar.
You don't have to park here = puedes aparcar en otro sitio si quieres.

🔄 Voz pasiva y estilo indirecto

Voz pasiva

Se usa cuando lo importante es la acción, no quién la hace.

Sujeto + to be (en el tiempo correspondiente) + participio pasado

Tiempo	Activa	Pasiva
Present Simple	They make cars here.	Cars are made here.
Present Continuous	They are repairing the road.	The road is being repaired.
Past Simple	They built it in 1920.	It was built in 1920.
Past Continuous	They were painting the house.	The house was being painted.
Present Perfect	They have finished the work.	The work has been finished.
Future (will)	They will deliver it tomorrow.	It will be delivered tomorrow.
Modals	You must submit the form.	The form must be submitted.
Infinitive	Someone needs to fix this.	This needs to be fixed.

Estilo indirecto (Reported Speech)

Cuando contamos lo que alguien dijo, los tiempos retroceden un paso:

Estilo directo	Estilo indirecto
"I am happy"	He said (that) he was happy.
"I work in Madrid"	She said she worked in Madrid.
"I am working now"	He said he was working then.
"I have finished"	He said he had finished.
"I went to Paris"	She said she had gone to Paris.
"I was sleeping"	He said he had been sleeping.
"I will call you"	He said he would call me.
"I can swim"	She said she could swim.
"You must leave"	She said I had to leave.
"Don't touch it"	He told me not to touch it.

Cambios de tiempo y lugar:

now → then · today → that day · tomorrow → the next day · yesterday → the day before
here → there · this → that · these → those

Reported questions

Las preguntas reportadas pierden el orden inversor (vuelven a estructura de afirmación):

"Where do you live?" → He asked me where I lived. (no «where did I live»)
"Are you tired?" → She asked if/whether I was tired.
"What time does the train leave?" → He asked what time the train left.
"Have you finished?" → She asked me if I had finished.
"Why did you leave early?" → He asked me why I had left early.
"Can you help me?" → She asked me if I could help her.

🔗 Conectores (linking words)

Los conectores son oro puro en writing y speaking. Demuestran nivel y suben la nota.

Adición

and, also, in addition, moreover, furthermore, besides, what's more

The hotel was cheap. Moreover, it had a great view.
The course is free. Furthermore, you get a certificate.
I enjoy hiking. In addition, it keeps me fit.

Contraste

but, however, although, even though, despite / in spite of, nevertheless, on the other hand, while, whereas

Although it was raining, we went out.
Despite the rain, we enjoyed the trip.
He works hard; however, he never gets promoted.
I like coffee, whereas my sister prefers tea.

Causa

because, because of, as, since, due to

I was late because the bus broke down.
I was late due to heavy traffic.
Since she was tired, she went to bed early.
The match was cancelled because of the storm.

Consecuencia

so, therefore, as a result, consequently, that's why

It was raining, so we stayed in.
He didn't study; therefore, he failed the exam.
The factory closed. As a result, many people lost their jobs.
She was ill; consequently, she missed the presentation.

Propósito

to, in order to, so that, so as to

I went to London in order to learn English.
I left early so that I wouldn't be late.
She saved money so as to travel next year.
He took notes to remember the key points.

Tiempo / secuencia

first, then, after that, next, finally, meanwhile, while, when, as soon as

First, mix the eggs. Then, add the flour. Finally, bake for 30 min.
As soon as I arrived, I called her.
Meanwhile, the others waited outside.
After that, we went for a walk.

Ejemplificar

for example, for instance, such as, like

I love Mediterranean food, such as pasta and paella.
For instance, you could try yoga or swimming.
Some hobbies, like reading, are very relaxing.
There are many benefits — for example, better health.

Conclusión

in conclusion, to sum up, all in all, in short, overall

To sum up, technology has changed our lives.
In conclusion, we should act now to protect the environment.
All in all, it was a great experience.
Overall, the results were very positive.

⚠️ Diferencias clave

Because + frase / Because of + sustantivo. Because it rained / Because of the rain.
Although + frase / Despite + sustantivo o -ing. Although it was cold / Despite the cold / Despite being cold.
So = consecuencia / So that = propósito.

🧩 Phrasal verbs imprescindibles B1

Los phrasal verbs son diferenciales: usar uno bien en speaking o writing eleva tu nivel inmediatamente.

Phrasal verb	Significado	Ejemplo
get up	levantarse	I get up at 7. She got up early to catch the train.
get on (with)	llevarse bien (con)	I get on well with my sister. Do you get on with your neighbours?
get over	superar	It took me a year to get over the breakup. She got over her illness quickly.
get away	escaparse / salir de vacaciones	We need to get away for a few days. The thief got away.
look after	cuidar	She looks after her kids. Can you look after my cat this weekend?
look up	buscar (info)	Look it up in the dictionary. I looked up the train times online.
look forward to	esperar con ilusión	I'm looking forward to seeing you. She's looking forward to the holidays.
give up	rendirse / dejar (un hábito)	I gave up smoking. Don't give up — you can do it!
give back	devolver	Give me back my book. She gave back the money she owed.
turn on / off	encender / apagar	Turn off the lights. Turn on the heating — it's cold.
turn up / down	subir / bajar (volumen)	Turn the music down, please. Can you turn up the TV?
turn down	rechazar	She turned down the job offer. He turned down our invitation.
put on	ponerse (ropa) / poner	Put on your coat. She put on some music while she cooked.
take off	quitarse / despegar	Take off your shoes. The plane took off on time.
find out	descubrir / averiguar	I found out the truth. Did you find out what happened?
run out (of)	quedarse sin	We ran out of milk. My phone has run out of battery.
break down	averiarse / venirse abajo	My car broke down. She broke down in tears during the speech.
break up (with)	romper (relación)	They broke up last month. He broke up with her by text.
set up	montar / configurar	I set up my own business. She set up a new email account.
come across	encontrarse por casualidad	I came across an old friend. I came across a great article online.
carry on	continuar	Carry on with your work. They carried on talking after midnight.
get along (with)	llevarse bien	We get along very well. Do you get along with your boss?
hang out	pasar el rato	We hang out on Saturdays. Where do you usually hang out?
show up	aparecer / presentarse	He showed up late. She never showed up to the meeting.
pick up	recoger / aprender	Can you pick me up at 8? She picked up Spanish very quickly.
put off	aplazar / postponer	Don't put off what you can do today. The meeting was put off until Friday.

🎯 Collocations

Las collocations son combinaciones de palabras que «suenan» natural en inglés. No se traducen palabra por palabra.

Make — crear / producir

make a decision, make a mistake, make money, make friends, make noise, make a phone call, make breakfast / lunch / dinner, make an effort, make progress, make a suggestion, make a complaint, make a reservation, make a speech, make a difference, make sense, make sure, make up your mind, make fun of

I need to make a decision soon. She made a mistake in the report. Don't make noise — the baby is sleeping.

Do — actividad / tarea

do homework, do the shopping, do exercise, do business, do a course, do your best, do the dishes, do nothing, do someone a favour, do damage, do research, do well / badly, do the ironing, do a test, do harm

Have you done your homework? I need to do the shopping. Just do your best — that's all anyone can ask.

Take — tomar / coger

take a photo, take a break, take a shower, take a taxi, take notes, take care of, take part in, take place, take time, take an exam, take a risk, take advice, take responsibility, take action, take turns, take a seat, take the opportunity, take a look, take into account, take for granted

Let's take a break — we've been working for 3 hours. She took part in the competition. Don't take her for granted.

Have — tener / tomar

have breakfast / lunch / dinner, have a good time, have a shower, have a baby, have an idea, have a problem, have a look, have a meeting, have a conversation, have fun, have an argument, have a rest, have trouble, have experience, have a go, have a dream, have doubts, have second thoughts

We had a great time at the party. I had an argument with my neighbour. Have a look at this photo!

Get — conseguir / ponerse

get married, get divorced, get lost, get ready, get angry, get tired, get a job, get a haircut, get in touch, get dressed, get better / worse, get rid of, get on with, get along with, get used to, get permission, get promoted, get bored, get confused, get started

She got promoted last month. I always get lost in this city. Let's get started — we're late.

Go — ir / ponerse

go for a walk, go on holiday, go shopping, go abroad, go out, go to bed, go wrong, go well, go deaf / blind, go on a trip, go on a diet, go bankrupt, go missing, go through, go ahead, go by (time), go for it, go crazy, go hand in hand

Everything went wrong that day. She went abroad to study. Go ahead — I'll catch up with you later.

Come — venir / surgir

come across (encontrarse con), come up with (idear), come true (hacerse realidad), come from (ser de), come in (entrar), come out (salir), come back (volver), come to an end, come to a conclusion, come into contact, come to terms with, come first / last, come as a surprise

Her dream finally came true. He came up with a brilliant idea. The summer holidays are coming to an end.

Keep — mantener / guardar

keep in touch, keep a secret, keep going, keep up with, keep an eye on, keep a diary, keep fit, keep calm, keep up appearances, keep your word, keep a promise, keep quiet, keep order, keep the change, keep track of, keep in mind

Let's keep in touch! She always keeps her word. Keep calm and carry on.

Break — romper

break a record, break a promise, break the rules, break the ice, break down (averiarse / derrumbarse), break up (romper / separarse), break out (estallar), break in (entrar a robar), break the news, break a habit, break free, break even

She broke the ice by telling a joke. He broke his promise again. The car broke down on the motorway.

Pay — pagar / prestar

pay attention, pay a visit, pay a compliment, pay the bill, pay back, pay off (saldar / valer la pena), pay in cash, pay by card, pay a fine, pay respect

Please pay attention — this is important. All that hard work really paid off. She paid him a compliment on his presentation.

Set — establecer / fijar

set a goal, set a deadline, set an example, set free, set off (partir), set up (montar), set the table, set a record, set fire to

We set off early to avoid traffic. She set up her own company. Set a goal and work towards it.

Run — correr / gestionar

run a business, run a risk, run out of, run into (tropezar con), run away, run late, run for office, run an errand, run a marathon

He runs a small business from home. I ran into an old friend at the market. We're running out of time.

Turn — girar / volverse

turn on / off, turn up (aparecer), turn down (rechazar), turn out (resultar), turn into (convertirse), turn a blind eye, take turns, turn over a new leaf

It turned out to be a great idea. She turned down the offer. He decided to turn over a new leaf.

🎭 False friends (falsos amigos)

Palabras que parecen iguales en español pero significan otra cosa. Son trampas habituales en el examen.

Inglés	❌ NO significa…	✅ Significa	Truco
actually	actualmente	en realidad / de hecho	currently = actualmente
assist	asistir (ir a un evento)	ayudar	attend = asistir
library	librería	biblioteca	bookshop = librería
sensible	sensible (emotivo)	sensato / razonable	sensitive = sensible
embarrassed	embarazada	avergonzado/a	pregnant = embarazada
constipated	constipado	estreñido	have a cold = estar constipado
realize	realizar	darse cuenta	carry out / do = realizar
support	soportar (aguantar)	apoyar	stand / put up with = soportar
exit	éxito	salida	success = éxito
career	carrera (estudios)	trayectoria profesional	degree = carrera universitaria
argument	argumento (trama)	discusión / pelea	plot = argumento de una historia
conference	conferencia (charla)	congreso / cumbre	lecture = conferencia / clase
eventually	eventualmente (a veces)	finalmente / con el tiempo	occasionally = eventualmente
parents	parientes	padres	relatives = parientes
fabric	fábrica	tela / tejido	factory = fábrica
pretend	pretender (aspirar)	fingir	aim / intend = pretender
sympathetic	simpático	comprensivo / empático	nice / friendly = simpático
comprehensive	comprensivo (tolerante)	completo / exhaustivo	understanding = comprensivo
disgrace	desgracia (mala suerte)	vergüenza / deshonra	misfortune = desgracia
notice	noticia	darse cuenta / aviso	news = noticias
large	largo	grande	long = largo
lecture	lectura	clase magistral / conferencia	reading = lectura
injury	injuria (insulto)	lesión / herida	insult = injuria
preservative	preservativo	conservante (alimentario)	condom = preservativo
billion	billón (10¹²)	mil millones (10⁹)	trillion = billón
discussion	discusión (pelea)	debate / conversación	argument = discusión acalorada
record	récord (solo sustantivo)	grabar / registrar (tb. verbo)	/ˈrekəd/ sustantivo · /rɪˈkɔːd/ verbo
introduce	introducir (meter)	presentar a alguien	insert = introducir (un objeto)
inconvenient	incómodo (físico)	inoportuno / molesto	uncomfortable = incómodo físicamente
application	aplicación (app)	solicitud (de empleo, beca…)	app = aplicación móvil
conductor	conductor (de coche)	director de orquesta / revisor	driver = conductor de vehículo
editor	editorial (empresa)	redactor / director de publicación	publisher = editorial

🌉 Mediación · La parte clave del nuevo examen

La mediación es la novedad de los exámenes EOI. Consiste en transmitir información entre dos personas o textos, no en traducir literalmente.

📋 ¿Qué evalúan en mediación?

Cumplimiento de la tarea: ¿transmites toda la información necesaria?
Adecuación al destinatario: ¿adaptas el registro y el contenido?
Organización y coherencia: ¿el mensaje se entiende con claridad?
Corrección lingüística: gramática y vocabulario apropiados.

Tipos de tareas de mediación en B1

📝 Mediación escrita

Te dan un texto en español/inglés y debes resumir o explicar la información clave a otra persona en inglés.

Ej: Tu amigo inglés quiere apuntarse al gimnasio del barrio. Lee el folleto en español y escríbele un email con la info más relevante.

🗣️ Mediación oral

Explicar oralmente el contenido de un texto, gráfico, infografía o conversación a otra persona.

Ej: Has visto un cartel sobre un curso. Explícale a tu amigo extranjero de qué trata y por qué le puede interesar.

Estrategias para clavar la mediación

Lee/escucha el texto fuente 2 veces. La primera para entender el sentido global, la segunda para tomar notas.
Identifica al destinatario. ¿Es un amigo? ¿Un profesor? Esto define el registro (formal/informal).
NO traduzcas palabra por palabra. Reformula con tus propias palabras (paraphrasing).
Selecciona solo la información relevante para el destinatario. No incluyas todo el texto.
Adapta el vocabulario. Si el texto es técnico, simplifícalo.
Usa expresiones de mediación (ver tabla abajo).
Cierra con una conclusión o invitación a actuar: «Let me know if you need more info», «Hope this helps», etc.

Frases útiles para mediación (memorízalas)

Para introducir

I'm writing to tell you about…
I thought you might be interested in…
I came across this and thought of you…
According to the text/article…
I've just read something that might be useful for you.
I wanted to let you know about…
I saw this and immediately thought of your situation…

Para resumir información

The main idea is that…
Basically, it says that…
The text explains how…
It mentions that…
One of the key points is…
According to the information, …
The most important thing to know is…
In other words, …
To put it simply, …

Para añadir tu opinión / interpretación

In my opinion, this could be useful for you because…
I think you might find this interesting since…
This might be a good option for you if…
Personally, I think this is worth considering because…
It seems to me that this would suit you perfectly.
The part that stood out to me was…

Para cerrar

Let me know what you think.
Hope this helps!
Get back to me if you have any questions.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Feel free to ask if you need any more details.
I'll send you the link if you're interested.
Let me know if you want me to find out more.

💡 Truco infalible: la regla de las 3 preguntas

Antes de escribir, responde mentalmente:
1. ¿QUÉ tengo que transmitir? (información clave)
2. ¿A QUIÉN? (registro y tono)
3. ¿PARA QUÉ? (objetivo: informar, recomendar, advertir)

Ejemplo completo de mediación escrita

Tarea: Tu amiga Sarah quiere apuntarse a clases de español. Has visto este anuncio en español. Escríbele un email (80-100 palabras) con la información relevante.

«Academia Cervantes ofrece cursos intensivos de español para extranjeros. Niveles A1-C2. Horarios mañana y tarde. Grupos reducidos (máx. 8 alumnos). Precio: 250€/mes. Matrícula gratuita hasta el 15 de junio. Profesores nativos certificados. Ubicación: centro de Zaragoza. Más info: cervantes-zgz.es»

Respuesta modelo:

Hi Sarah,

I came across an ad about a Spanish academy in Zaragoza and thought you might be interested. It's called Cervantes Academy, and they offer intensive Spanish courses for foreigners at all levels.

The classes are in small groups (max. 8 students) and run both in the morning and afternoon, so you can choose what suits you best. It costs €250 per month, but if you sign up before June 15th, the registration is free.

It's located in the city centre and the teachers are native Spanish speakers. Let me know if you'd like the website!

Take care,
Adán

✍️ Writing

En B1 te pedirán 2 textos de unas 100-180 palabras cada uno. Lo más típico: email, carta, opinión, narración, descripción.

Tipos de writing más frecuentes

📧 Email informal

Saludo: Hi / Hello + name,

Apertura: How are you? / It's been ages since… / Hope you're well!

Cierre: Take care / All the best / Lots of love / Talk soon + name

Estructura: 3-4 párrafos cortos. Usa contracciones (I'm, don't, we've).

Frases útiles: «I'm writing because…», «I was wondering if…», «It would be great if you could…», «Let me know what you think!»

📨 Carta/email formal

Saludo: Dear Mr/Ms Smith, (Dear Sir or Madam si no sabes el nombre)

Apertura: I am writing to… / I would like to… / I am contacting you regarding…

Cierre: Yours sincerely (si sabes el nombre) / Yours faithfully (si no)

Sin contracciones (don't → do not). Tono neutro y educado.

Frases útiles: «I would be grateful if you could…», «I am writing to complain about…», «I look forward to hearing from you», «Please do not hesitate to contact me.»

💭 Opinion essay

Estructura:

Introducción (presenta el tema con gancho)
Argumentos a favor (2 ideas + ejemplos)
Argumentos en contra (1-2 ideas)
Conclusión (tu opinión clara)

Intro: «Nowadays, … is a controversial topic.» · Cuerpo: «On the one hand… On the other hand…» · Conclusión: «All things considered, I strongly believe that…»

📖 Narración

Tiempos: past simple (acciones principales), past continuous (escenario), past perfect (acciones anteriores).

Conectores temporales: first, then, suddenly, after that, eventually, finally, by the time.

«It was a cold morning when I suddenly heard a strange noise. I had never experienced anything like it before. After that, everything changed…»

Plantilla de email informal (memorizar)

Hi [name],

How are you doing? It's been a while since we last talked. I'm writing to tell you about / to ask you about…

[Párrafo 1: información principal]

[Párrafo 2: detalles, ejemplos, opinión]

[Párrafo 3: pregunta o invitación al destinatario]

Anyway, I'd better get going. Write back soon and let me know what you think!

Take care,
[your name]

Plantilla de carta/email formal (memorizar)

Dear Mr/Ms [Surname], / Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing to [complain about / enquire about / apply for / request information on]…

[Párrafo 1: explica el motivo principal con claridad y detalle]

[Párrafo 2: añade información relevante, solicitud concreta o propuesta]

I would be grateful if you could [respond as soon as possible / provide further details / consider my request].

I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours sincerely,
[your full name]

Plantilla de opinion essay

Introducción: Nowadays, [tema] is a topic that generates a lot of debate. Some people think… while others believe… In my opinion, …

Cuerpo a favor: On the one hand, … For example, … Furthermore, …

Cuerpo en contra: On the other hand, some people argue that… However, I would say that…

Conclusión: To sum up, although there are arguments on both sides, I strongly believe that… In conclusion, …

💡 Trucos para subir nota en writing

Usa 2-3 conectores variados en cada texto (not just «and», «but»).
Combina al menos 3 tiempos verbales distintos.
Incluye 1 condicional y 1 phrasal verb.
Cuenta las palabras al final: si te pasas mucho o te quedas corto, penalizan.
Reserva 5 minutos para revisar ortografía y concordancia.

🗣️ Speaking

El speaking en B1 suele tener 3 partes: monólogo, diálogo con otro candidato y, a veces, mediación oral.

Estructura típica

Monólogo (2-3 min): describes una foto, hablas de un tema personal o presentas un tema.
Interacción con otro candidato (3-4 min): negociáis, planificáis algo, dais opiniones.
Mediación oral (opcional): explicas un texto/imagen a tu compañero.

Frases salvavidas (memorízalas todas)

Dar opinión

In my opinion / From my point of view…
I think / I believe / I reckon…
If you ask me…
As far as I'm concerned…
Personally, I feel that…
The way I see it…
I'm convinced that…

Estar de acuerdo

I totally agree.
You're absolutely right.
That's a good point.
I see what you mean.
Exactly! That's what I think too.
I couldn't agree more.
That's a fair point, actually.

No estar de acuerdo (educadamente)

I see your point, but…
I'm not so sure about that.
That's true, but on the other hand…
I disagree because…
I take your point, however…
That may be true, but I still think…
I'm afraid I don't quite agree.

Ganar tiempo (¡oro puro!)

Well, let me think…
That's a good question.
It depends, really.
I haven't really thought about it, but…
That's an interesting point…
Hmm, let me see…
I'd have to say that…

Pedir aclaración

Sorry, could you repeat that?
What do you mean by…?
I'm not sure I understand.
Could you explain that again, please?
Do you mean…?
Could you be more specific?
Sorry, I didn't catch that.

Describir fotos

In the photo I can see…
In the foreground / background there is…
On the left / right…
It looks like / It seems that…
The atmosphere is… (relaxed, busy, tense)
The photo shows / depicts…
I'd say this is taking place in… because…
The people in the photo look… (happy, tired, worried)

Hacer propuestas / negociar

What if we…? / How about…?
Why don't we…?
We could always…
That sounds like a good idea.
I'd rather… because…
Shall we go with…?
I think the best option would be…

Parafrasear (si no sabes la palabra)

It's the thing you use to…
It's a kind of… / It's similar to…
What I mean is…
In other words…
You know, the thing that…
I can't remember the exact word, but it means…

⚠️ Errores típicos en speaking

Decir «How do you say…?» y bloquearse → mejor «It's the thing you use to…» (parafrasear).
Quedarse en silencio → usa frases para ganar tiempo («Let me think…»).
Hablar demasiado bajo o rápido → respira y vocaliza.
No interactuar en la parte de pareja → haz preguntas a tu compañero («What do you think?»).

🎧 Listening

El listening evalúa que entiendas ideas principales y detalles específicos en audios cotidianos: conversaciones, noticias, anuncios, entrevistas.

Estrategias antes de escuchar

Lee las preguntas primero. Subraya palabras clave: nombres, números, lugares, acciones.
Predice el contenido. ¿De qué crees que va a tratar? ¿Quiénes hablan? ¿Dónde están?
Anticipa sinónimos. El audio nunca usará las mismas palabras que la pregunta — usa paráfrasis.
Prepárate para distractores. El hablante puede mencionar opciones incorrectas antes de dar la respuesta real.

Durante la escucha

Primera escucha: idea general, no te obsesiones con palabras sueltas.
Segunda escucha: detalles concretos (números, fechas, nombres, precios).
Si pierdes una pregunta, sigue adelante. No te quedes bloqueado en una respuesta.
Fíjate en la entonación y el énfasis — suelen indicar la información importante.
Escucha las correcciones del hablante: «Actually, it's…», «No wait, I mean…» — la segunda versión es la correcta.

💡 Truco para ejercicios de True/False

Si la frase de la pregunta usa palabras absolutas (always, never, all, none), suele ser falsa. La realidad casi nunca es absoluta.
Además, si el audio no menciona el tema de la pregunta, la respuesta es Not Given / No se menciona — no deduzcas.

Tipos de preguntas y cómo atacarlas

Opción múltiple: Elimina primero las opciones claramente incorrectas. El distractores suelen aparecer en el audio pero no como respuesta.
Completar formulario/nota: Escribe exactamente lo que oigas (nombre, número, dirección). Respeta mayúsculas.
Relacionar / Matching: Escucha toda la lista antes de decidir — las primeras opciones a veces cambian.
Completar frases: La respuesta cabe gramaticalmente en el hueco. No añadas palabras extra.

Vocabulario de números/fechas (errores comunes)

Years: 1985 = «nineteen eighty-five». 2008 = «two thousand and eight». 2026 = «twenty twenty-six».
Phone numbers: 0 se dice «oh» o «zero». Dobles: 22 = «double two». 555-0192 = «five five five, oh one nine two».
Decimals: 3.5 = «three point five» (con punto, no coma). 0.75 = «nought point seven five».
Fractions: 1/2 = «a half», 1/3 = «a third», 3/4 = «three quarters».
Prices: £4.50 = «four pounds fifty». €12.99 = «twelve euros ninety-nine».
Ordinals: 1st = «first», 21st = «twenty-first», 100th = «hundredth».

📚 Reading

Textos auténticos: artículos, blogs, anuncios, emails. Tipos de preguntas: opción múltiple, true/false/not given, matching headings, gap filling.

Estrategias de reading

Skimming: lee rápido para captar la idea general (1ª lectura, 2-3 min). No te detengas en palabras desconocidas.
Scanning: busca información específica (nombres, fechas, cifras, lugares). Mueve los ojos rápidamente por el texto.
Lectura detallada: solo de las partes donde están las respuestas — no leas todo con la misma intensidad.
Lee las preguntas antes del texto. Así sabes qué información buscar y puedes subrayar mientras lees.
Localiza el párrafo relevante antes de responder. Las preguntas suelen seguir el orden del texto.

💡 Truco True/False/Not Given

True: el texto lo afirma con sinónimos — busca paráfrasis, no palabras idénticas.
False: el texto dice lo contrario de la afirmación.
Not Given: el texto NO habla de eso (¡no asumas, aunque sea lógico o evidente!).
Si dudas entre False y Not Given: False = el texto lo contradice activamente. Not Given = simplemente no aparece.

Tipos de preguntas y cómo atacarlas

Opción múltiple: Elimina primero las claramente incorrectas. La respuesta correcta parafrasea el texto, no lo copia.
Matching headings: Lee primero el primer y último párrafo de cada sección. El heading resume la idea central, no un detalle.
Gap filling: La palabra que falta debe encajar gramaticalmente. Copia exactamente las palabras del texto.
Matching information: La información puede estar en cualquier párrafo — no sigas el orden.

Vocabulario para inferir significado

No traduzcas cada palabra. Si no entiendes una, mira:

El contexto (la frase completa — a menudo la explica).
La raíz (similar a otras palabras conocidas: predict → prediction).
Los prefijos/sufijos: un- (no), dis- (lo contrario), -less (sin), -ful (lleno de), re- (de nuevo), over- (demasiado), -tion/-sion (sustantivo), -ly (adverbio).
Las palabras de contraste y causa en la oración: however, although, because, therefore te dicen cómo se relacionan las ideas.
Si aún no entiendes, sigue leyendo — a menudo el párrafo siguiente lo aclara.

📊 Mi progreso

🤖 Entrenador con IA

Practica cualquier tema con ejercicios generados al momento y corregidos por IA Trainer. Incluye writing y mediación con feedback detallado.

Motor: 🤖 IA Trainer

Tipo de tarea:

Generar ejercicios de gramática

Tema:

Prepara tu examen B1 de inglés 🇬🇧

📖 Verbos irregulares

💡 Truco mnemotécnico

Patrones más comunes

🟢 Iguales en las 3 formas

🟡 Patrón i → a → u (y variantes i → u)

🟠 Patrón -ought / -aught + Past = Participle

🔴 Cambio de vocal y -en

⚫ Imprescindibles sueltos

⚠️ Diferencia gone vs been

⏰ Tiempos verbales clave para B1

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous

Future Simple (will)

Be going to

💡 Truco para distinguir Past Simple vs Present Perfect

🔀 Condicionales

💡 Regla mnemotécnica universal

Zero Conditional · Verdades generales

First Conditional · Posibilidad real futura

Second Conditional · Hipótesis irreal o improbable

Third Conditional · Pasado imposible (B1+)

⚠️ Errores típicos en el examen

Alternativas a «if»

📍 Preposiciones

Preposiciones de tiempo

IN

ON

AT

💡 Truco mnemotécnico tiempo

Preposiciones de lugar

IN

ON

AT

Verbos con preposición fija (memoriza estos)

Adjetivos con preposición

🎭 Verbos modales

⚠️ ¡Cuidado! mustn't ≠ don't have to

🔄 Voz pasiva y estilo indirecto

Voz pasiva

Estilo indirecto (Reported Speech)

Reported questions

🔗 Conectores (linking words)

Adición

Contraste

Causa

Consecuencia

Propósito

Tiempo / secuencia

Ejemplificar

Conclusión

⚠️ Diferencias clave

🧩 Phrasal verbs imprescindibles B1

🎯 Collocations

Make — crear / producir

Do — actividad / tarea

Take — tomar / coger

Have — tener / tomar

Get — conseguir / ponerse

Go — ir / ponerse

Come — venir / surgir

Keep — mantener / guardar

Break — romper

Pay — pagar / prestar

Set — establecer / fijar

Run — correr / gestionar

Turn — girar / volverse

🎭 False friends (falsos amigos)

🌉 Mediación · La parte clave del nuevo examen

📋 ¿Qué evalúan en mediación?

Tipos de tareas de mediación en B1

📝 Mediación escrita

🗣️ Mediación oral

Estrategias para clavar la mediación

Frases útiles para mediación (memorízalas)